全球农业一周资讯 - XXXXI

来源:YIYI     2023-04-24 14:53:01
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全球农业一周资讯


1.印尼计划增加大米进口至300万吨

近日,印度尼西亚国家级粮食储备组对外公开表示,计划增加大米进口量,计划从5个粮食生产良好的国家订购300万吨大米,目前已经获得了采购200万吨大米的许可,将按照计划逐步开展工作,从缅甸、越南、泰国、巴基斯坦及印度订购大米。

2.日本呼吁G7国家向联合国国际农业发展基金出资

4月19日,据日本经济新闻报道,日本政府拟在4月22-23日举办的G7农业部长会议上,将粮食安全保障列为主要议题,将向联合国国际农业发展基金(IFAD)出资约2亿日元(约合人民币1000万元),并呼吁G7国家出资,加强对全球南方国家的支持,使其建立稳定的粮食供给体系。

3.塞尔维亚农产品预计很快将免税进入中国市场

据塞尔维亚国家广播电视台近日消息,塞将与中国正式开始自由贸易谈判,预计塞产品很快将免税进入中国市场。塞内外贸部长莫米罗维奇表示,这对塞农产品和葡萄酒是绝佳机会,呼吁塞农企开展投资并进入中国市场。

4.美国农业部在可持续农业研究和教育方面投资超4600万美元

4月19日,美国农业部宣布对可持续农业研究与教育计划投资超过4600万美元,资助农民驱动的创新和基层教育计划,支持项目涵盖使用农场可再生能源、病虫害和杂草管理等,促进气候智能实践,使可持续生产者更有利可图,并改善当地经济和农村社区的生活质量。

5.德国食品和农业委员会投票通过《畜牧业标签法》草案

4月19日,德国联邦议会食品和农业委员会投票通过了《畜牧业标签法》草案,为可持续畜牧业制定了一个可靠的目标形象,增加了透明度,为动物和消费者保护提供了更多的保护,让农场有机会通过动物、气候和环境保护来赚更多的钱。

6.欧盟委员会要求禁止进口乌克兰粮食的国家恢复允许进口

波兰、匈牙利、斯洛伐克以及加入他们的保加利亚决定从4月22日开始禁止进口。欧盟委员会副主席瓦尔迪斯·东布罗夫斯基斯表示,四国的决定是非法的,违反欧盟-乌克兰联盟协议,他要求四国取消此决定,否则欧盟委员会的提议将无法采用。

7.俄农业部预计2023年俄罗斯谷物产量可约达1.23亿吨

4月19日,俄罗斯农业部部长德米特里·帕特鲁舍夫表示, 2023年俄罗斯谷物总产量预计可达到1.23亿吨左右,其中小麦产量约7800万吨。帕特鲁舍夫强调,这样的产量既可全面保障俄罗斯本国粮食安全,也能让俄方能继续出口所需数量的谷物。

8.我国研究团队揭示miR156b-GmSPL2b调控高温胁迫下大豆CMS恢复系雄性育性的分子机理

南京农业大学农学院国家大豆改良中心研究团队研究解析了miR156b-GmSPL2b调控高温胁迫下大豆CMS恢复系雄性育性的分子机理。该研究为创制大豆耐高温强恢复系和培育雄性育性稳定的优良杂交大豆新品种提供了基因资源和理论依据。

9.美国马里兰大学研究人员开发高效的植物基因组多重碱基编辑工具

马里兰大学帕克分校研究人员开发了植物基因组多重碱基编辑器Cas12a-CBE和Cas12a-ABE。这种碱基编辑器产生DNA断裂的可能性较小,非常适合于多重启动子编辑,以微调基因表达而不产生indel突变。研究开发的dLbCas12a-D156R ABE是一种有效的水稻A-to-G碱基编辑系统,这些编辑器将成为植物基因组精准多重碱基编辑的新工具。

10.首尔大学研究团队发现水稻叶角调控关键基因OsMYB7

首尔大学研究团队通过亚细胞定位确定了OsMYB7是一种细胞核基因,属于R2R3型MYB转录抑制因子,并以Dongjin水稻为受体创制了OsMYB7过表达系和敲除系植株。该研究结果为细胞壁相关MYB转录因子的生物学功能提供了新视角,并为培育具有直立叶子的新型基因编辑水稻品种提供了潜在的生物技术途径。

11.法国研究团队研究成果为改善植物的抗逆能力和果实品质提供新思路

法国波尔多大学研究团队通过鉴定导致 EMS Micro-Tom 突变体抗坏血酸含量增加2-4倍的突变位点,确定了抗坏血酸代谢调节的一个主要调控基因,研究结果揭示了植物利用蓝光调控维生素C生物合成的机制,为研究光对维生素C合成的影响提供了新的思路,有望促进和改善栽培作物的营养品质和增强其抵御环境压力的能力。

12.科迪华研究人员应用形态发生基因实现小麦高效遗传转化

科迪华研究人员建立了两套基于pPHP71539(pVir)三元载体的小麦转化方法,该载体中携带ZmWus2和ZmBbm。两种方法的转化效率分别高达58%和75%。由于跳过了外植体准备阶段的切除胚轴和诱导愈伤步骤,整个转化流程的周期缩短、劳动量减少、通量提高。该方法可为小麦基因工程育种中的遗传转化步骤提供参考,同时也为其他作物创制新的遗传转化方法提供了思路。

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Weekly News of Global Agriculture



1. Indonesia plans to increase rice imports to 3 milliontons

Recently, the National Grain Reserve Group of Indonesia publicly announced its plan to increase rice imports and order 3 million tons of rice from five countries with good grain production. Currently, it has obtained a license to purchase 2 million tons of rice and will gradually carry out work according to the plan, ordering rice from Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Pakistan, and India.

2. Japan calls on G7 countries to contribute to the IFAD

On April 19, according to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, the Japanese government plans to make food security a major topic at the G7 agricultural ministers' meeting held on April 22-23, and will contribute about 200 million yen (about 10 million yuan) to the United Nations Fund for International Agricultural Development (IFAD). It also calls on G7 countries to contribute to strengthen support for countries in the global South to establish a stable food supply system.

3.Serbian agricultural products are expected to enter the Chinese market duty-free soon

According to Serbian national radio and television, Serbia will officially start free trade negotiations with China, and it is expected that Serbian products will soon enter the Chinese market duty-free. The Minister of Internal and External Trade of Serbia, Tomislav MOMIROVIĆ, stated that this is an excellent opportunity for Serbian agricultural products and wine, and called on Serbian agricultural enterprises to invest and enter the Chinese market.

4.USDA Invests Over $46M in Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced an investment of more than $46 million in the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program, which has funded farmer-driven innovation and grassroots education programs, projects covering supporting producers with on-farm renewable energy, pest and weed management, crop rotations and etc., aiming to promote climate-smart practices, make sustainable producers more profitable, and improve local economies and the quality of life in rural communities.

5.The Committee on Food and Agriculture of the German Bundestag voted in favour of the draft Animal Husbandry Labeling Act.

On April 19, the Committee on Food and Agriculture of the German Bundestag voted in favour of the draft Animal Husbandry Labeling Act, which formulated a reliable target image for sustainable animal husbandry, with more animal and consumer protection as well as prospects for the farms and giving farms the opportunity to make more money with animal, climate and environmental protection.

6.The European Commission demands that countries that prohibit the import of Ukrainian food restore their permission to import

Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Bulgaria, which joined them, have decided to ban imports from April 22nd. The Vice President of the European Commission, Valdis Dombrovsky, stated that the decision of the four countries is illegal and violates the EU Ukraine alliance agreement. He demanded that the four countries cancel this decision, otherwise the proposal of the European Commission will not be adopted.

7.The Russian Ministry of Agriculture predicts that Russia's grain production can reach approximately 123 million tons by 2023

On April 19th, Dmitry Patrushchev, the Minister of Agriculture of Russia, stated that the total grain production in Russia is expected to reach around 123 million tons in 2023, including approximately 78 million tons of wheat production. Patrushchev emphasized that such production can fully guarantee Russia's domestic food security and also allow the Russian side to continue exporting the required amount of grain.

8.The miR156b-GmSPL2b module mediates male fertility regulation of cytoplasmic male sterility-based restorer line under high-temperature stress in soybean

Chinese researchers demonstrated that miR156b-GmSPL2b module involved in male fertility regulation of soybean cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-based restorer line under HT stress. This study not only provided important progress for understanding the molecular mechanism of miR156b-GmSPL2b regulating the male fertility of soybean CMS-based restorer line under HT stress, but also provided genetic resources and theoretical basis for creating HT-tolerant strong restorer lines.

9.CRISPR-Cas12a base editors confer efficient multiplexed genome editing in rice

Researchers at the University of Maryland developed highly efficient Cas12a CBEs and ABEs for multiplexed genome editing in plants. With less potential to generate DNA breaks, these T-rich PAM-targeting dCas12a base editors are very suitable for multiplexed promoter editing to fine-tune gene expression without generating indel mutations. These efficient DNA break-free Cas12a CBE and ABE constructs are promising tools for singular and multiplexed base editing in plants.

10.OsMYB7 determines leaf angle at the late developmental stage of lamina joints in rice

Researchers at Seoul University in South Korea found that the rice (Oryza sativaL.) R2R3-type MYB transcription factor OsMYB7 determines leaf angle in a developmental stage-specific manner. The results suggest that OsMYB7 promotes leaf inclination partially through decreasing free auxin levels and promoting cell elongation at the adaxial side of lamina joints.

11.Blue light promotes ascorbate synthesis by deactivating the PAS/LOV photoreceptor that inhibits GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase

French researchers identified the causal mutation by a mapping-by-sequencing strategy, corresponded to a knock-out recessive mutation in a class of photoreceptor named PAS/LOV protein (PLP), which acts as a negative regulator of ascorbate biosynthesis. The results provide a greater understanding of the light-dependent regulation of ascorbate metabolism in plants.

12.Rapid and highly efficient morphogenic gene-mediated hexaploid wheat transformation

Researchers of Corteva Agriscience reported two morphogenic gene-mediated wheat transformation methods. These methods yield independent-transformation efficiency up to 58% and 75%, respectively. The transformation process was significantly simplified to make the procedure less labor-intensive, higher-throughput, and more cost-effective. 

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