全球农业一周资讯（6.20-6.26）

来源：全球农创网 2022-07-04 10:10:02

一.全球代表性国家农业政策

1.美国众议院投票禁止向俄罗斯和中国出售美国农田

6月23日，根据美国众议院拨款委员会决议，来自俄罗斯、中国、朝鲜和伊朗的公司将被禁止购买美国农业用地。某议员表示需要做更多工作来确保美国食品供应链的安全和独立。

2.加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省加大对农业科技的支持

QuantoTech和Lyne Systems两家总部位于温哥华的农业科技企业正在通过不列颠哥伦比亚省的农业科技加速试点计划为加强粮食安全铺平道路，采用机器人和技术支持不列颠哥伦比亚省农业产业。

3.欧委会批准100万欧元的克罗地亚计划支持玉米种子生产者

欧盟委员会批准了一项价值100万欧元的克罗地亚计划，支持受俄罗斯入侵乌克兰和相关制裁导致投入成本增加的玉米种子生产者。

4.欧盟加强对非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家的支持以应对粮食安全危机

6月21日，欧盟委员会通过了一项提议，从欧洲发展基金的储备中调动6亿欧元，含3.5亿欧元用于粮食系统的可持续生产和恢复，以解决当前因俄乌战争而加剧的粮食安全危机。

5.巴西将向尼日利亚农民提供10000台拖拉机

尼日利亚联邦政府宣布与巴西合作，向全国农民供应和分发10000台拖拉机，两国的合作将促进尼日利亚的机械化粮食生产，并在全球粮食危机时代提高粮食自给率。

6.康奈尔科技农场正式成为纽约州认证的企业孵化器

康奈尔农业和食品科技园正式成为纽约州认证的20个企业孵化器之一，将推动纽约州日内瓦城及其他地区食品和农业行业的经济增长和创造就业机会。

7.俄罗斯宣布将从中国长期进口猪肉

据俄新社报道，由于乌克兰局势导致的俄乌关系紧张、俄美俄欧关系恶化，俄罗斯联邦动植物卫生监督局正考虑从中国进口肥猪肉和猪肉的可能性，7月份前将在中国进行兽医检查。

二.农业行业综合信息

1.阿根廷 Bioceres公司寻求2023年澳大利亚批准种植其转基因小麦

路透社6月23日报道，阿根廷 Bioceres公司首席执行官Federico Trucco称其公司计划在澳大利亚对其转基因抗旱小麦进行田间试验，并于寻求2023年获得种植许可。

2.美国最高法院驳回拜耳上诉

6月21日，美国最高法院拒绝审理拜耳公司(Bayer)旨在结束数千起指控其除草剂农达(Roundup)致癌诉讼的请求。自收购孟山都(Monsanto)以来，拜耳一直深陷农达诉讼。拜耳坚持农达是安全的，并已拨备160亿美元来处理诉讼。

3.嘉吉全球首个风味糖浆创新生产基地将落地浙江

美企嘉吉公司20日在上海宣布，投入3000万美元，在浙江省平湖市建立首个风味糖浆创新生产基地，并于2023年春季投产。嘉吉中国区总裁刘军介绍，“中国是未来全世界最有吸引力的食品配料市场之一”。

4.第九届GCHERA世界农业奖在南京农业大学揭晓

6月21日下午，第九届GCHERA世界农业奖颁奖典礼在南京农业大学举行。比利时根特大学马克·范·蒙塔古（Marc Van Montagu）教授、埃塞俄比亚默克莱大学米提库·海乐（Mitiku Haile）教授获得第九届世界农业奖。

5.2022/23年度糖市料恢复供需平衡，未来糖价前景乐观

全球最大的糖商巴西 Copersucar首席执行官Tomas Manzano表示，全球供需前景仍将支撑糖价，未来几个月洲际交易所ICE的原糖期货价格将在每磅18-20美分之间；预计本榨季巴西食糖产量将减少，乙醇的盈利能力有所提高。

6.安道麦在巴西推出大豆除草剂Apresa

安道麦宣布在巴西推出适用于各种作物的苗前除草剂Apresa，独家复配活性成分丙炔氟草胺+精异丙甲草胺。可有效作用于对大豆有害的两耳草（Digitaria insularis）和牛筋草（Eleusine indica）。

7.拜耳推荐七家单位荣列“绿色生资推广应用示范店”

全国首批25家验收合格的“绿色生资示范店”及“绿色生资示范单位”完成公示，正式授牌，拜耳作物科学(中国)有限公司获得“绿色食品生产资料推广应用示范单位”认证，推荐的七家农资产品供应商荣列我国首批“绿色生资推广应用示范店”。

8.以色列海法集团计划在巴西建立第一家特种肥料厂

巴西《经济价值报》6月21日消息，海法集团是一家专门生产硝酸钾和植物营养品的以色列公司，该公司拟在巴西建立第一家工厂，以扩大对巴西以及拉丁美洲的特种肥料供应。

三.农业科学研究最新动态

1.Jennifer Doudna团队发现新型RNA敲除基因编辑新工具CRISPR-Csm

加州大学Jennifer Doudna 团队发现一种可以提供更安全和更有效的基因编辑新方法: CRISPR-Csm 。该研究证明了Csm系统在真核生物中可作为一种高效、特异和多功能的RNA敲除工具的效用。

2.美国科罗拉多大学研究人员建立了以植物激素ABA受体为支架的生物感应器平台PYR1-HAB1

美国科罗拉多大学、加州大学研究人员建立了PYR1-HAB1平台。该平台可用于开发大麻素和有机磷酸盐的感应器，还可快速移植到各种配体依赖性感应系统中；为新生物感应器的快速开发和应用提供了重要平台。

3.英国洛桑研究所研究人员发现，通过CRISPR-Cas9 抑制 FAE1途径显著提高亚麻荠中长链不饱和脂肪酸的含量

英国洛桑研究所研究人员发现，亚麻荠有望成为Omega-3长链不饱和脂肪酸的优良合成宿主，该研究首次实现了转基因和基因编辑在植物体内同时行使功能。

4.瓦赫宁根大学的研究人员综述纳米硒在水产饲料中的应用

荷兰瓦赫宁根大学研究人员综述了水产饲料中硒和纳米硒对于水生动物的影响。总结了水产饲料中硒的使用对于提高水生动物的生长性能、生理机能、抗氧化酶、免疫力和抗病能力等方面的作用。

5.中国农科院作科所马有志团队揭示小麦抗旱与生长平衡调控新机制

中国农科院作科所研究人员报道了MPK3-PYL模块可以作为一种负调控机制，有助于小麦平衡干旱胁迫响应和正常的植物生长信号。

6.英国剑桥大学David C. Baulcombe教授综述RNA沉默在植物抗病毒和非病毒免疫中的作用机制

英国剑桥大学研究人员全面综述了RNA 沉默在植物抗病毒最新发现。同时还讨论了 RNA 沉默在植物对非病毒病原体的免疫中的新兴作用。

7.宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究人员提出利用现有技术即可实现2030年减少农业甲烷排放的目标

宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究确定了三种与饲料管理相关的策略，可以将每单位肉类或牛奶的甲烷排放量平均减少12%，以及五种将每日甲烷排放量平均减少21%的策略。

8.英国埃克塞特大学、德国拜耳农业科技公司等单位研究人员研究发现害虫进化出交叉抗药性机制

英国埃克塞特大学、德国拜耳农业科技公司等单位研究人员研究揭示出基因复制和功能分化如何催生单个基因的多种新功能进化。且从应用角度上展示了单个基因如何进化出对结构上无相关性的杀虫剂的交叉抗药性。

I. Globally Agricultural Policies

1. House Committee Votes to Ban Sale of U.S. Farmland to Russia and China

Companies from Russia, China, North Korea, and Iran would be barred from purchasing U.S. agricultural land under language approved by the House Appropriations Committee on June 23rd, 2022. Some representative said that more needs to be done to ensure the U.S. food supply chain is secure and independent.

2. B.C. ramps up support for Agritech

Two Vancouver-based Agritechbusinesses, QuantoTech and Lyne Systems, are paving the way for stronger food security through B.C.’s Agritech Ramp-Up Pilot Program with robotics and technology to support B.C.’s agriculture sector.

3. Commission approves €1 million Croatian scheme to support maize seed producers

The European Commission has approved a €1 million Croatian scheme to support maize seed producers affected by the input costs increase caused by Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the related sanctions.

4. EU to step up its support to African, Caribbean and Pacific countries to address the current food security crisis

The European Commission adopted today a proposal to mobilise €600 million from the reserves of the European Development Fund, €350 million of which for sustainable production and resilience of food systems (€350 million), to address the current food security crisis aggravated by the war between Russia and Ukraine.

5. Brazil to supply 10,000 tractors to Nigerian farmers

The Federal Government of Nigeria has announced that it is working with Brazil to supply and distribute 10,000 tractors to farmers nationwide, which will boost Nigeria’s mechanized food production, and also enhance food sufficiency is an era of global food crisis.

6. Cornell Tech Farm gets state business incubator status

The Cornell Agriculture and Food Technology Park is now one of the only 20 New York state-certified Business Incubator, which will drive economic growth and job creation in the food and agriculture industries in Geneva and beyond.

7. Russia announced that it will import pork from China

According to RIA Novosti, due to the tension between Russia and Ukraine and the deterioration of relations between Russia and the United States, Russia and Europe, the Russian Federal Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Supervision is considering the possibility of importing fatty pork and pork from China. Veterinary inspection will be carried out in China before July.

II. Comprehensive Agricultural News

1. Argentina's Bioceres to seek Australia approval to plant its GMO wheat

Argentina's Bioceres Crop Solutions plans to carry out field tests of its genetically modified drought resistant wheat in Australia and seek planting approvals in 2023, Chief Executive Federico Trucco told Reuters on June 23rd.

2. US Supreme court dismisses Bayer's appeal

On June 21, the U.S. Supreme Court refused to hear Bayer's request to end thousands of lawsuits alleging that its herbicide Roundup caused cancer, which may make the German comprehensive enterprise face billions of dollars in legal settlement costs. Since the acquisition of Monsanto in 2018, Bayer has been deeply involved in Nongda litigation. The German conglomerate insists that Nongda is safe and has set aside $16 billion to deal with lawsuits over the herbicide.

3. Cargill's world's first innovative production base of flavor syrup will be established in Zhejiang

Cargill announced in Shanghai on the 20th that it would invest nearly US $30 million to establish its first innovative production base of flavor syrup in Pinghu City, Zhejiang Province. The base is expected to be put into operation in the spring of 2023. Liu Jun, President of Cargill China, introduced that "China is one of the most attractive food ingredients markets in the world in the future".

4. The 9th GCHERA World Agriculture Prize was announced at Nanjing Agricultural University

On the afternoon of June 21, the 9th GCHERA World Agriculture Prize Award Ceremony was held in Nanjing Agricultural University. Professor Marc van Montagu of Ghent University and Professor MitikuHaile of MekeleUniversity won the 9th World AgriculturePrize.

5. Sugar market in 2022/23 is expected to restore the balance between supply and demand

Tomas Manzano, CEO of Copersucar, the world's largest sugar trader, said that the raw sugar futures price of ice will be between 18 and 20 cents per pound in the coming months because the global supply and demand outlook will still support the sugar price; Due to the decline in inventories, the outlook for sugar prices in the future is optimistic. Copersucar said that Brazil's sugar production will decrease in this season, because the prof‍itability of ethanol has improved.

6. Andorra launched the soybean herbicide Apresa

Andorra announced the launch of Apresa, a pre seedling herbicide suitable for various crops, in Brazil, with an exclusive compound of the active ingredient fomesafen and metolachlor. It’ll be effective on Digitaria insularis and Eleusine indica, which are harmful to soybeans.

7. Bayer recommended seven companies to be listed as "Demonstration store for the promotion and application of green production materials"

The first batch of 25 qualified "Green Production Materials Demonstration Stores" and "Green Production Materials Demonstration Units" in China have been publicized and officially awarded. Bayer Crop Science (China) Co., Ltd. has been certified as a "demonstration unit for the promotion and application of green food production materials", and the seven recommended suppliers of agricultural products have been listed as the first batch of "Demonstration store for the promotion and application of green production materials” in China.

8. Israel's Haifa Group plans to build first specialty fertilizer plant in Brazil

Brazil's "Valor Economico" reported on June 21 that Haifa Group, an Israeli company specializing in the production of potassium nitrate and plant nutrition, plans to build its first factory in Brazil to expand supply of specialty fertilizers to Brazil and Latin America.

III. Latest Developments in Agricultural

Scientific Research

1. Precise Transcript Targeting by CRISPR-Csm Complexes

Jennifer Doudna's team finds a new method that can provide safer and more effective gene editing: CRISPR CSM. The results establish the feasibility and efficacy of multi-protein CRISPR-Cas effector complexes as RNA-targeting tools in eukaryotes.

2. Rapid biosensor development using plant hormone receptors as reprogrammable scaffolds

Researchers from the University of Colorado and the University of California establish the PYR1 platform (Pyrabactin Resistance 1). The platform can be applied to evolve sensors for cannabinoids and organophosphates, and PYR1-derived receptors are readily ported to various ligand-responsive outputs. PYR1 provides a scaffold for rapidly evolving new biosensors for diverse sense–response applications.

3. Enhancing the accumulation of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in transgenic Camelina through the CRISPR-Cas9 inactivation of the competing FAE1 pathway

Researchers from Rothamsted Research, UK, find that Camelina is a superior host for the transgene-derived seed-specific synthesis of omega-3 LC-PUFAs such as EPA and DHA, as well as representing the first example of an environmental release of a GM+GE stack.

4. Embracing nanotechnology for selenium application in aquafeeds

Researchers from Wageningen University and Research review the effect of Se and Se nanoparticles (Se-NPs) application in aquafeeds on aquatic animals. The review shows that the application of Se in aquafeeds could improve the growth performance, physiology, antioxidant enzymes, immunity and disease resistance in aquatic animals.

5. Mitogen-activated protein kinase TaMPK3 suppresses ABA response by destabilizing TaPYL4 receptor in wheat

The research results of researchers from Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences suggest that the MPK3-PYL module could serve as a negative regulatory mechanism for balancing appropriate drought stress response with normal plant growth signaling in wheat.

6. Roles of RNA silencing in viral and non-viral plant immunity and in the crosstalk between disease resistance systems

Researchers from the University of Cambridge, UK, comprehensively review recent findings about antiviral RNA silencing, including the movement of RNA through plasmodesmata and the differentiation between plant self and viral RNAs, also discuss the emerging role of RNA silencing in plant immunity against non-viral pathogens.

7. Existing technologies can help world meet agricultural methane targets by 2030

The results of a study at Pennsylvania State University identified three practices related to feed management that could reduce methane emission per unit of meat or milk by an average of 12% and five practices related to reducing daily methane emissions by 21% on average.

8. P450 gene duplication and divergence led to the evolution of dual novel functions and insecticide cross-resistance in the brown planthopperNilaparvata lugens

Findings from the University of Exeter in the UK and Bayer agricultural technology company in Germany provide fundamental and applied insights into the versatility of gene duplication in providing opportunities for functional innovation during the evolution of adaptive traits and reveal the mechanisms by which dual novel functions can arise from single genes.